# Neural Control and Coordination, Class 11 Biology | SwaVid Neural Control and Coordination, NCERT Class 11 Biology: notes with key ideas, key terms, common mistakes and 3 quick checks with worked answers. Canonical: https://www.swavid.com/cbse/class-11/biology/chapter/neural-control-and-coordination Source: https://www.swavid.com/cbse/class-11/biology/chapter/neural-control-and-coordination # Neural Control and Coordination ## Key terms ## Key ideas ## Common mistakes ## Quick checks ## Keep going ## Questions parents ask ## Class 11 Biology on SwaVid ### Neural system and coordination ### Structure of a neuron ### Resting membrane potential ### Action potential generation ### Synaptic transmission ### Central neural system ### Next chapter ### Related chapter ### All chapters SwaVid › CBSE › Class 11 › Biology › Neural Control and Coordination Notes written by SwaVid from the NCERT textbook. Class 11 Biology, Chapter 18. Key ideas, formulas and common mistakes. CBSE prints 18 marks for Unit V, not for this chapter alone. Short answer. This chapter describes the human neural system, the structure of neurons, and the generation and conduction of nerve impulses. It also explains the transmission of impulses across synapses and the organisation of the central neural system. Source: NCERT Biology (Reprint 2026-27) , Chapter 18, Neural Control and Coordination Coordination is the process through which two or more organs interact and complement the functions of one another. The neural system provides an organised network of point-to-point connections for quick coordination. A neuron consists of three major parts: cell body, dendrites, and axon. The cell body contains cytoplasm with typical cell organelles and granular bodies called Nissl's granules. In a resting neuron, the axonal membrane is comparatively more permeable to potassium ions and nearly impermeable to sodium ions. The sodium-potassium pump transports 3 Na⁺ outwards for 2 K⁺ into the cell to maintain this polarity. Application of a stimulus causes a rapid influx of Na⁺ followed by the reversal of polarity at the site, producing an action potential. This electrical potential difference across the plasma membrane is also called the nerve impulse. Impulses travel from one neuron to another through electrical or chemical synapses. At a chemical synapse, neurotransmitters released from synaptic vesicles bind to specific receptors on the post-synaptic membrane. The human brain is protected by the cranium and cranial meninges: outer dura mater, middle arachnoid, and inner pia mater. It is divided into forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. Try each question first. Then tap it to see the answer. The pump ratio is 3 Na⁺ pumped outwards for every 2 K⁺ pumped inwards. For 6 K⁺ ions entering, the multiplier is 6 / 2 = 3. Total Na⁺ ions pumped out = 3 × 3 = 9. 9 Na⁺ ions Outer layer is the tough dura mater. Middle layer is the very thin arachnoid. Inner layer in contact with brain tissue is the pia mater. Dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater Pons consists of fibre tracts interconnecting different regions. Cerebellum coordinates body balance and posture. Medulla oblongata regulates autonomic centres for breathing, cardiovascular reflexes, and gastric secretions. Medulla oblongata Chemical Coordination and Integration . Locomotion and Movement . The 19 chapters of Class 11 Biology . CBSE does not give marks to one chapter. It prints 18 marks for Unit V, Human Physiology, which includes Neural Control and Coordination. No. They are written by SwaVid from the NCERT textbook. The CBSE curriculum is the reference for what is assessed. Chemical Coordination and Integration. SwaVid is an AI tutor for Indian students in Classes 6 to 12. It finds the earlier ideas a child missed, then teaches today’s chapter. Start free to see how it works. - Ch 18 NCERT book - 18 marks, Unit V - 3 quick checks - Confusing the direction of Na⁺ and K⁺ transport in the resting membrane pump . Remember that the active sodium-potassium ATPase pump always moves 3 Na⁺ ions out of the axoplasm and 2 K⁺ ions into the axoplasm. - Assuming that electrical synapses use neurotransmitters like chemical synapses . In electrical synapses, pre- and post-synaptic membranes are in very close proximity and current flows directly through gap junctions without using chemical transmitters. - Including the cerebellum as a component of the brain stem . The brain stem consists only of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. 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